Mitigation

Institute Measures to Stop the Outbreak
There are a number of possible activities that can make up control measures within jurisdictions to limit the extent of the outbreak, listed below. A useful resource to guide control measures is Evidence-Based Strategies for Preventing Opioid Overdose: What’s Working in the United States.
Conduct enhanced surveillance
Conduct enhanced surveillance in affected areas to maintain situational awareness and have insight into how other control measures are impacting the outbreak.
Engage in public health messaging
Engage in public health messaging around the current outbreak to increase awareness and keep all involved stakeholders informed.
Engage in risk mitigation activities
Engage in risk mitigation activities as allowed by state and local law. Some examples of risk mitigation activities to consider include:
Partner with local organizations
Partner with local organizations to carry out prevention and control measures using the partnership and communication strategies outlined elsewhere in this toolkit.

Hot Spots that Inform Targeted Outreach in Washington, D.C

The Washington DC Department of Health leverages a variety of data sources—including Emergency Department (ED) records, Emergency Medical Services (EMS) repositories, biospatial by ImageTrend (a platform that aggregates and standardizes EMS data in near real-time), and National Emergency Medical Services Information System (NEMSIS)—to identify overdose clusters and monitor trends across the city. Due to DC’s dense population, city-wide alerts have proven less useful for outreach. In response, DC Department of Health analyzes clusters, such as three overdoses within 500 feet in 24 hours, and has mapped neighborhood-level hot spots to share with partners to help target prevention resources where they are most neededWhile the primary responsibility for direct overdose response falls to the Department of Behavioral Health, the Department of Health supports the city through surveillance, data sharing, and funding harm reduction programs. The data they have shared with community partners has informed DC Department of Health’s approach to emphasize harm reduction, outreach, and connecting people to wraparound services, helping residents stay safer and receive care through Live Long DC. They have developed strategies to share actionable information through geomapped alerts, dashboards, and partner communications via email list serv. By combining robust surveillance with strategic partnerships, DC Department of Health continues to improve prevention efforts and inform city-wide and community-level overdose interventions. 

Conduct a Vulnerability Assessment

Conduct a vulnerability assessment to better understand which communities are at risk of overdose. Examples of public health jurisdictions who have done this include: 

    Tennessee Model

    Conduct vulnerability index to target HIV/HCV prevention resources

    NYC Hot Spots

    ZIP Code hot spots for injection/HCV to focus outreach

    CSTE Assessment Toolkit

    Step-by-step toolkit to build a jurisdiction vulnerability assessment

    CDC Jurisdiction Assessments

    CDC guidance to identify high-risk areas and address prevention and intervention gaps

    Build a Drug-Related Data Dashboard

    Create a public-facing dashboard that brings together overdose deaths, hospitalizations, emergency department visits, and prescription data for your jurisdictions or community. Use it to communicate the magnitude and trends of overdose impacts and support coordination with community partners. 

    Why Build a Dashboard? 

      • Visualize the magnitude of the overdose problem 
      • Track intervention effectiveness over time 
      • Facilitate collaboration with partners using shared data 
      • Support evidence-based decision making

    Consider the following: 

    Fatal & Severe Outcomes 

    Nonfatal Overdose Trends (Suspected) 

    Prescribing Patterns 

    Where & Who 

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